A Guide to Boxelder Bugs' Diet: What They Eat and Why
Boxelder bugs, also known as boxelder beetles, are common pests that can often be found congregating on the sunny side of homes and buildings during the fall and winter months. While they may be a nuisance, understanding their diet and feeding habits can help homeowners better manage and control these insects. In this article, we will explore the diet of boxelder bugs, what they eat, and why they are attracted to certain food sources.
Diet of Boxelder Bugs
Boxelder bugs primarily feed on the seeds, flowers, and leaves of boxelder trees (Acer negundo), which are commonly found in North America. These insects are specifically attracted to female boxelder trees, as they produce the seeds that are a crucial part of their diet. The bugs use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to extract the nutritious fluids from the seeds, leaving behind a small hole.
In addition to boxelder trees, boxelder bugs may also feed on the seeds and foliage of other maple trees, ash trees, and fruit trees. They are known to be especially fond of the Norway maple (Acer platanoides). While boxelder bugs primarily feed on plant matter, they do not cause significant damage to trees or plants unless they are present in large numbers.
Why Are Boxelder Bugs Attracted to Certain Food Sources?
Boxelder bugs are attracted to certain food sources for various reasons. Female boxelder trees produce seeds that are rich in nutrients, making them an ideal food source for these insects. The bugs are also attracted to the warmth and sunlight that boxelder trees provide, especially during the cooler months.
In addition to the nutritional value of the seeds, boxelder bugs are also attracted to the chemical signals emitted by the trees. These signals act as a beacon, guiding the bugs to their preferred food source. Furthermore, boxelder bugs are social insects and are often found in large groups. Their attraction to certain food sources may be influenced by the presence of other bugs, as they tend to aggregate in areas where other boxelder bugs are feeding.
FAQs about Boxelder Bugs' Diet:
1. Do boxelder bugs only eat boxelder trees?
No, boxelder bugs may also feed on the seeds and foliage of other maple trees, ash trees, and fruit trees.
2. Do boxelder bugs cause damage to trees and plants?
In small numbers, boxelder bugs do not cause significant damage. However, large populations can cause aesthetic damage, such as leaf stippling or distortion.
3. Can boxelder bugs infest my home?
Boxelder bugs may seek shelter in homes during the fall and winter months but do not cause structural damage. They are considered a nuisance pest.
4. Are boxelder bugs harmful to humans?
Boxelder bugs do not bite or sting and are not harmful to humans. They do not transmit diseases.
5. How can I prevent boxelder bugs from entering my home?
Sealing cracks and openings in your home's exterior, installing door sweeps, and repairing damaged window screens can help prevent boxelder bugs from entering your home.
6. Can insecticides be used to control boxelder bugs?
Insecticides can be used to control boxelder bugs but are most effective when applied directly to the bugs or their preferred feeding areas.
7. Do boxelder bugs feed on crops or garden plants?
While boxelder bugs primarily feed on trees, they may occasionally feed on crops and garden plants if they are present in large numbers.
8. Do boxelder bugs feed on other insects?
Boxelder bugs do not feed on other insects. They are herbivorous and rely on plant matter for their nutrition.
9. Can boxelder bugs cause allergies?
While boxelder bugs do not directly cause allergies, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to their droppings or the odors they release when disturbed.
10. Are boxelder bugs a year-round problem?
Boxelder bugs are most active during the fall and winter months but can occasionally be seen throughout the year, especially in warmer regions.
In conclusion, boxelder bugs primarily feed on the seeds, flowers, and leaves of boxelder trees and other related species. Their attraction to certain food sources is influenced by the nutritional value of the seeds, sunlight, and chemical signals emitted by the trees. While they may be a nuisance, understanding their diet and feeding habits can help homeowners better manage and control boxelder bugs.